PRESSURE

A push or a pull on an object is called a force. Forces applied to an object in the same direction count to one another. “If the two forces act in the opposite directions on an object, the net force acting on it is the difference between the two forces.”

When you apply pressure to the container, the Cartesian diver sinks, and when pressure is released, it rises.The experiment demonstrates the relationship between volume, pressure, and buoyancy, and it is a practical application of the gas laws and principles discovered by Descartes and his contemporaries

The phenomenon of floatation is based on the density of the object and the fluid in which it is placed. If the density of the object is less than the density of the fluid, it will float. Conversely, if the density of the object is greater than the density of the fluid, it will sink 

Archimedes' principle states that the upward buoyant force that is exerted on a body immersed in a fluid, whether fully or partially, is equal to the weight of the fluid that the body displaces.[1] Archimedes' principle is a law of physics fundamental to fluid mechanics.

Charles's law (also known as the law of volumes) is an experimental gas law that describes how gases tend to expand when heated. A modern statement of Charles's law is: When the pressure on a sample of a dry gas is held constant, the Kelvin temperature and the volume will be in direct proportion.

Boyle’s law is a gas law which states that the pressure exerted by a gas (of a given mass, kept at a constant temperature) is inversely proportional to the volume occupied by it.

The temperature at which water boils depends on pressure. You can demonstrate this by dramatically lowering the pressure on a water-filled plastic syringe at room temperature.

Water expands in volume as its temperature rises. The extra volume caused by thermal expansion must go somewhere. If not, the heated water creates an increase in pressure.

The burning candle heats the air inside the container and this hot air expands quickly. When the flame goes out, the air cools down and creates a weak vacuum or lower pressure inside the glass. On the other hand, the air outside the glass remains the same. This creates a difference in air pressure which results in the water rising inside the glass.

The card remains attached to the rim of the glass and does not allow the water to flow out is due to Atmospheric pressure. Atmospheric pressure is the force that holds the card in place. The card stays on the upside-down glass because the pressure of the air molecules pushing up on the card is greater than the weight of the water pushing down.

When the flames inside the bottle become extinguished due to lack of oxygen, the gas inside the bottle cools. This cooling causes the pressure of the remaining gas inside the bottle to become less than outside atmospheric pressure. At that point, atmospheric pressure pushes the egg inside the bottle.

Two identical balloons are inflated to different diameters and connected by means of a tube. A valve controls the flow of air through the tube. When the valve is opened, air will flow from the balloon at higher pressure to the balloon at lower pressure. The lower pressure balloon will expand. The smaller balloon has the higher pressure. So, when the valve is opened, the smaller balloon pushes air into the larger balloon. It becomes smaller, and the larger balloon becomes larger. The airflow ceases when the two balloons have equal pressur

This science experiment will demonstrate how the pressure of the air outside is stronger and that can crush a bottle.